招平断裂带中段金矿床控矿条件与成矿规律研究

招平断裂带中段为胶东地区重要的金成矿带，目前已查明的金矿床主要包括夏甸大型金矿床和大尹格庄特大型金矿床，姜家窑和曹家洼中型金矿床，以及焦格庄小型金矿床。研究人员对招平断裂带中段各类金矿床的构造控矿条件、分布规律和矿体赋存规律仍缺乏较系统的认识，亟待开展进一步研究。通过对金矿区地质特征、金矿床地质特征、构造控矿特征和金矿成矿规律进行分析和总结，得出大尹格庄特大型金矿主要受招平主干断裂控制；夏甸大型金矿床主要受控于主干控矿断裂下盘伴生、派生的低级和低序次断裂，夏甸北耩矿体主要受控于主断裂下盘岩体局部张性显微裂隙带；招平断裂带中段大尹格庄特大型金矿床、夏甸特大型金矿床和焦格庄中、小型金矿床大致呈等间距分布，近EW向断裂与招平断裂的交会部位是有利成矿部位；断裂的拐弯或交会部位为主要赋矿部位。     

Interactions between dislocations and twins in deformed titanium aluminide crystals

Using scanning, transmission electron microscopy and aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy, we have studied the interactions between dislocations and twins in impact deformed polysynthetic twinned TiAl crystal. The 1/3?<?1$\overline{1}\overline{1}$] and 1/6?<?211] step dislocations on coherent twin boundaries reveal the interactions of glissile 1/2?<?101> dislocations with the coherent twin boundaries. An abnormal stacking fault was found adjacent to the coherent twin boundary. It has the same stacking sequence but different atom species in the [$\overline{1}$10] direction with an additional displacement of 1/4[$\overline{1}$10] in two neighboring {111} layers, and is likely induced by the slip of a 1/12[112] (i.e. 1/4[$\overline{1}$10] + 1/6[2$\overline{1}$1]) dislocation.     

Bioprospecting for brewers: Exploiting natural diversity for naturally diverse beers

The burgeoning interest in archaic, traditional, and novel beer styles has coincided with a growing appreciation of the role of yeasts in determining beer character as well as a better understanding of the ecology and biogeography of yeasts. Multiple studies in recent years have highlighted the potential of wild Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces yeasts for production of beers with novel flavour profiles and other desirable properties. Yeasts isolated from spontaneously fermented beers as well as from other food systems (wine, bread, and kombucha) have shown promise for brewing application, and there is evidence that such cross-system transfers have occurred naturally in the past. We review here the available literature pertaining to the use of nonconventional yeasts in brewing, with a focus on the origins of these yeasts, including methods of isolation. Practical aspects of utilizing nondomesticated yeasts are discussed, and modern methods to facilitate discovery of yeasts with brewing potential are highlighted.     

Nuclear DNA barcodes for cod identification in mildly-treated and processed food products

Gadoids are a group of fish with historical importance in the fishing industry. The high demand for cod is one of the reasons why cod products are often mislabelled, and numerous observations have been made on the replacement of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) by cheaper species or its illegal capture in contravention of fish quotas. Fish species identification is traditionally based on morphological features, but this may be difficult in case of heat-treated or processed products, or where the species look similar, as in the Gadoid group. DNA-based approaches (using either nuclear or mitochondrial DNA) are most commonly used in this case, due to their high specificity and to the high resilience of the target molecules to food processing techniques. In this article, we identified, using an automated screening approach, novel barcode regions and their associated primers in the nuclear genome, to be used for the efficient identification of Gadoids. The barcode regions were tested on official and commercial samples, raw or mildly treated products, like frozen, or salted, as well as pre-cooked complex mixtures and processed samples, using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technique. The method proposed could complement existing fish identification strategies in establishing an efficient framework to detect and prevent frauds along the food chain.     

松辽盆地伏龙泉断陷边界断层构造反转率

盆地边界断层通常为同沉积断层，同沉积断层活动时间相对短且具有间歇性，地层沉积时间相对较长，这决定了断陷盆地的地层分布格局。通过分析同沉积断层理论模式，认为断陷缓坡带地层厚度与边界断层下盘厚度相当，边界断层下盘通常缺失与上盘对应的地层，可选择断陷盆地缓坡带地层厚度代替边界断层下盘厚度，建立虚拟下盘厚度格架，然后运用位移-距离曲线等方法对边界断层开展定量研究。伏龙泉断陷位于松辽盆地东南部，为东断西超的半地堑盆地，发育4条边界断层，依次控制了4个沉积次洼，4条边界断层的活动强度和反转程度存在差异。伏龙泉断陷经历了断陷期、拗陷期、反转期三个主要的构造期次，分别对应于边界断层强烈活动、停止活动、反转活动3个演化阶段，发生于白垩纪末的反转活动使得边界断层再次活化，形成油气运移通道，深层油气向上运移到浅层圈闭中，形成次生油气藏。通过定量计算伏龙泉断陷各边界断层的反转率，结合油气富集规律认识，认为反转率适中的区域最有利于次生油气藏的形成和保存。     

Stability and antioxidant activity of anthocyanins from purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. cultivar Eshu No. 8) subjected to simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion

The study was aimed to investigate the stability and antioxidant activities of anthocyanins obtained from purple sweet potato via an in vitro digestion system. Three fractions of anthocyanin-rich extracts were obtained via ODS packing column. Anthocyanins and copigment (primary phenolic acids) of fraction 2 were investigated during simulated an in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. Anthocyanins and copigment were recognised by UPLC-LTQ-MS/MS. Besides, anthocyanins were found effectively stable under the acidic gastric digestion conditions. However, the anthocyanins recovery was greatly decreased at around 10% after intestinal digestion. An association between the type, number of acylated group and stability to intestinal digestion was found. Di-acylated anthocyanins possessed higher stability compared with mono-acylated anthocyanins and the stability of acylated group in digestion process followed the order of p-hydroxybenzoyl > feruloyl > caffeoyl. However, there was no much difference in copigment content which was found during digestion process. Moreover, the radical scavenging ability and xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibition showed that the digestion products possessed good biological activities mainly due to its anthocyanin composition.     

A CCD-ADI method for two-dimensional linear and nonlinear hyperbolic telegraph equations with variable coefficients

In this paper, a combined compact finite difference method (CCD) together with alternating direction implicit (ADI) scheme is developed for two-dimensional linear and nonlinear hyperbolic telegraph equations with variable coefficients. The proposed CCD-ADI method is second-order accurate in time variable and sixth-order accurate in space variable. For the linear hyperbolic equation, the CCD-ADI method is shown to be unconditionally stable by using the Von Neumann stability analysis. Numerical results for both linear and nonlinear hyperbolic equations are presented to illustrate the high accuracy of the proposed method.     

胶东三山岛西岭金矿区NW向断裂带的确定：综合物探证据

三山岛西岭金矿区位于渤海之滨，与北部海域金矿区相互连接，形成金资源量近千吨的巨型金矿床，矿床为地下与海底开采。区域内断裂发育，分布有NE向和NW向断裂，其中NE向断裂为控矿构造，而NW向断裂多具有不同程度的导水性，对矿床安全开采影响重大。基于矿区地质条件与地球物理特征，采用高精度磁测法和音频大地电磁（AMT）法在矿区东部进行了勘查试验，根据显示的磁性异常与电性异常，在平面上解译了NW向断裂(F-1、F-2)与NE向断裂（F-3、F-4），在L1剖面上解译了4条断裂，在L2剖面上解译了3条断裂。综合判断解译信息，NW向F-1断裂在平面与剖面上都反映良好。同时，与北部海域NW向构造研究资料进行对比分析，结果显示西岭矿区F-1推断断层与北部海域B-F4断层特征一致，吻合较好，推断西岭矿区NW向F-2断裂被F-3断裂错断。研究结果说明综合物探方法在该区域可行有效，为下一步钻孔验证NW向断裂存在，判断断裂富水及导水性质，以及未来矿床开发利用提供了地球物理依据。